Ezinye izinto ziqinisekile jikelele, ezifana nokufa, irhafu, umthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics.Eli nqaku ubukhulu becala ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-physics ukukuxelela ukuba kutheni igumbi lingenasidingo sokucoca.
Ngomnyaka we-1824, isazi sefiziksi saseFransi uNicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot waqala wacebisa umthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics xa wayecinga ngendlela iinjini zomphunga ezisebenza ngayo.Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, umthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics usabambe kwaye uba yinyaniso engenakuguqulwa.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uzama kangakanani, awukwazi ukulahla ulawulo lwesigqibo sayo esingagungqiyo sokuba i-entropy ayize iyancipha kwiinkqubo ezizimeleyo.
Mangaphi Ulungiselelo lweeMolekyuli zoMoya
Ukuba unikwe ibhokisi yomoya ukuze ulinganise ezinye zeempawu zawo, into yokuqala oyenzayo isenokuba kukuthabatha irula nethemometha uze urekhode amanani abalulekileyo avakalayo ngokwenzululwazi, njengomthamo, ubushushu okanye uxinzelelo.Emva koko, amanani afana neqondo lokushisa, uxinzelelo kunye nomthamo unika lonke ulwazi olukhathalele ngokwenene, kwaye bakuxelela yonke into ngomoya osebhokisini.Ngoko indlela iimolekyuli zomoya ezilungelelaniswe ngayo ayibalulekanga.Iimolekyuli zomoya ezisebhokisini zicwangciswe ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, zonke ezinokuthi zikhokelela kuxinzelelo olufanayo, ubushushu kunye nomthamo.Le yindima ye-entropy.Ezo zingabonwayo zisengakhokelela kwimilinganiselo enokubonwa ngokuthe ngqo phantsi kweemvume ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ingqikelelo ye-entropy ichaza ngqo inani leemvume ezahlukeneyo.
Itshintsha njani i-Entropy ngokuhamba kwexesha
Kutheni ixabiso le-entropy linganciphi?Uhlambulule umgangatho nge-mop okanye i-mat, uhlambulule iifestile nge-duster kunye ne-window cleaner, uhlambulule i-cutlery nge-brush yesitya, uhlambulule indlu yangasese nge-brush yangasese, kwaye uhlambulule iimpahla nge-lint roller kunye ne-microfiber yokucoca iimpahla.Emva kwayo yonke le nto, ucinga ukuba igumbi lakho licocekile kakhulu.Kodwa igumbi lakho linokuhlala lilolo hlobo ixesha elingakanani?Emva kwexesha elithile, uya kuqonda ukuba yonke imizamo yakho ililize.
Kodwa kutheni igumbi lakho lingenakuhlala licocekile kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo?Kungenxa yokuba, ukuba nje into enye kwigumbi itshintsha, lonke igumbi alisacocekanga.Uya kufumanisa ukuba igumbi linokuba mdaka ngakumbi kunokuba licoceke, ngenxa yokuba zininzi iindlela zokwenza igumbi libe mdaka.
I-Entropy efunwa kakhulu
Ngokufanayo, awukwazi ukumisa iimolekyuli zomoya kwigumbi ukuba zithathe isigqibo ngequbuliso sokuhamba ngokudibeneyo kwicala elinye, zixinene ekoneni kwaye zikufuthanise kwindawo engenanto.Kodwa ukushukuma kweemolekyuli zomoya kulawulwa kukungqubana okungalawulekiyo nokushukumayo, intshukumo engapheliyo yeemolekyuli.Kwigumbi, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa zokulenza licoceke, kwaye kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulenza libe mdaka.Amalungiselelo ahlukeneyo "obumdaka" (njengokubeka iikawusi ezimdaka ebhedini okanye kwisinxibo) kunokukhokelela kwimilinganiselo efanayo yobushushu okanye uxinzelelo.I-entropy ibonisa ukuba zingaphi iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokusetyenziswa ukulungisa kwakhona igumbi le-chaotic xa imilinganiselo efanayo inokufunyanwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-29-2020